Pressurized polishing composition



?atented Aug. 16, 19630 PRESSURIZED POLISHLNG COMPOSITION Edward R. Kendall and Gerard W. Meister, Chicago, 111., assignors to Simoniz Company, a corporation of Delaware No Drawing. Filed Dec. 29, 1958, Ser. No. 783,079

8 Claims. 7 (Cl. 10610) This invention relates to a combined cleaning and polishing composition adapted to be applied to a surface such as the finish on household enamelware, automobile bodies, and similar surfaces.

This application is a continuation-in-part of our copending application Serial No. 642,343, filed February 26, 1957, now abandoned.

In polishing a surface such as that of an automobile body, it has been customary practice, to secure the most satisfactory results, to first use a cleaner on the surface to remove dirt, oxidized finish, and other dull surface elements in order to prepare the surface for polishing. Then after the surface has been cleaned, it is necessary to apply the polish or wax, spread it uniformly, and rub it to a high luster.

In an attempt to overcome these problems, various combined cleaners and polishes, usually of a liquid nature, have been placed on the market. These have certain weaknesses and disadvantages as many of them do not polish to a long lasting luster. Perhaps the most serious difficulty of these combined liquid cleaners and polishes that have been put on the market is that the luster that is achieved has a very short life so that after a few weeks, or even after a few days, the automobile again looks dull and lusterless.

The compositions of this invention successfully solve the cleaning and polishing problems in that the compositions are each a combined cleaner and polish that not only does an efiicient cleaning job, but also provides a high luster that will last for long periods. The composition is easy to apply as a propellant is provided that is gaseous at ambient temperatures and atmospheric pressures so that the composition is packaged in a pressurized container. Thus, the composition can be ejected by means of its internal pressure from the container through a suitable dispensing valve preferably onto the desired surface or, if desired, onto a cloth for application to the desired surface.

One of the features of this invention is to provide an improved pressurized polish product consisting essentially of about 01-25 parts of a propellant that is gaseous at ambient temperatures and atmospheric pressures and about 99.9-75 parts of a polishing composition, the polishing composition consisting essentially of about 10-30% of finely divided abrasive, about -16% of a Wax, about 2-12% polydialkylsiloxane, about 40-75% of a hydrocarbon solvent, about l-4% of an ethylene glycol monoalkyl ether having 1-7 carbon atoms in the alkyl group, and about 1-10% of an amorphous thickener dispersible in said solvent, all said parts and percentages being by weight.

Another feature of the invention is to provide a stable polishing composition particularly adapted for expulsion through an orifice as in a pressurized type container consisting essentially of about -30% of finely divided abrasive, about 5-16% of a Wax, about 212% polydialkylsiloxane, about 40-75% of a hydrocarbon solvent, about l-4% of an ethylene glycol monoalkyl ether having 1-7 carbon atoms in the alkyl group, and about 1-10% of an amorphous thickener dispersible in said solvent, all said parts and percentages being by weight.

Other features and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the following description of certain embodiments thereof.

The preferred polishing composition that with the propellant constitutes the polish product of this composition includes about 10-30% of finely divided abrasive, about 516% of a wax, about 2-l2% polydialkylsiloxane, about 40-75% of a hydrocarbon solvent, about 1-4% of an ethylene glycol monoalkyl ether having 1-7 carbon atoms in the alkyl group and about 1-10% of an amorphous thickener dispersible in said solvent.

Among the waxes that may be used satisfactorily in this invention are parafiins, microcrystalline waxes, oxidized microcrystalline waxes, polyolefins such as polyethylene and oxidized polyolefins such as oxidized polyethylene, carnauba, beeswax, hydrogenated castor oil, ouricury, petrolatum, mixtures thereof, and the like.

Waxes that have been found very effective in the composition of this invention are carnauba or polyethylene such as A0. Polyethylene #6 made by Semet Solvay Division of Allied Chemical Corporation. A microcrystalline wax and preferably an oxidized microcrystalline wax is also effective. An excellent wax of this type is Petronauba C, an oxidized micryocrystalline wax made by B areco Wax Company, a division of Petrolite Corporation, of 205 East 42nd Street, New York. Petrolatum may also be used and acts as a plasticizer for the luster producing agent. When petrolatum is present the gloss produced by the composition is noticeably improved.

The polyorganosiloxanes which may be used in this invention are those having a viscosity of about 50-60000 centistokes measured at 100 F. Those having a higher viscosity are preferred. Thus, a polyorganosiloxane having a viscosity of about 30,000 centistokes has been found to give excellent results. Suitable polyorganosiloxanes are polyalkylsiloxanes, especially dialkylsiloxanes. The preferred one is polydimethylsiloxane. Examples of these are Dow-Corning DC-200 fluid and General Electric Company Viscasil, which is a polydimethylsiloxanc with the end of the molecule containing a monofunctional polysiloxane group.

Preferably about 40-75% of the entire composition is solvent. The amount of solvent may be varied within these ranges to provide the desired consistency of the composition and the desired drying rates, all as understood by those skilled in the art. The solvent acts as a carrier and is preferably a hydrocarbon. Among the suitable solvents are mineral spirit solvents such as Amsco 460 Solvent made by American Mineral Spirits Company and Oleum Spirits made by the Standard Oil Company of Indiana. Solvents of a Kauri-Butanol number of between about 20-105 are preferred, while solvents with a low Kauri-Butanol number of between 20-45 are most preferred, with the optimum solvent being one with a number of about 35. However, under no circumstances are solvents to be used which are deleterious to the finish of the surface or which are drying oils.

Preferably about 10-30% of the entire omposition is abrasive. Examples of finely divided abrasives are diatomaceous earth, which is produced by Johns Manville Corporation under the trade name Celite 358, and aluminum oxide as represented by Hydrated Alumina 0730 produced by Aluminum Company of America.

The pressurized polish product includes about 01-25 parts by weight of a propellant that is gaseous at ambienttemperatures and atmospheric pressures and about 99.9- parts by Weight of the polishing composition.

The propellant may be nitrous oxide, carbon dioxide,

' isobutane, nitrogen, compressed air, halogenated hydro- With liquified propellant in the pressurized container, the amount is preferably higher in the above range. Thus, with a propellant that is normally considered to be a gas, the amount is preferably 0.1-5 parts per 99.9-95 parts of the polishing composition while with a propellant which is normally considered to be a volatile liquid the amount is preferably about 525 parts per 95-75 parts of the polishing composition. All of these propellants are well-known in the art with a typical list being given in Boe Patent No. 2,524,- 590. Preferred Freons of the volatile liquid type propellants include dichlorodifluoromethane (Freon 12) and dichlorotetrafiuoroethane (Freon 114) as well as many others that volatilize at ambient temperatures and that are well-known in the art. These propellants may be blended to produce the desired vapor pressure in the container from which the polishing composition is dispensed.

The thickener is non-crystalline or amorphous and is dispersible in the hydrocarbon solvent. Crystalline thickeners should be avoided in order that the valve of the pressurized container will not be clogged. This type of thickener, which must be oleophilic, is well-known in the art. Typical thickeners of this type which have been found to be especially useful are the oleates such as the alkali metal, amphoteric metal and heavy metal oleates including sodium, aluminum, zinc and lead oleates, such Bentones as Bentone 38 and Bentone 34 (dimethyldioctadecyl salt of montmorillonite clay) made by National Lead Co., colloidal silica and amphoteric metal naphthenates such as aluminum naphthenate. The non-crystalline thickener is preferably present in an amount of about 110% by weight of the polishing composition.

In order to provide better cleaning action and better surface wetting action, a small amount of isoamyl acetate, commonly known as amyl acetate, may be included in the polishing composition of this invention. When used the amyl acetate is preferably present in an amount from about 0.1-2.0% of the polishing composition with the preferred amount being about 1.0%.

Efficient coupling between the solvent and the abrasive to produce a substantially homogeneous dispersion will be provided when a compound having a structural formula of wherein R is a saturated aliphatic radical containing from. 1-7 carbon atoms used as a coupling agent. Such a compound is Cellosolve made by Union Carbide Company. I

This compound will generally be present in an amount of from about 14% of the polishing composition with about 2% being preferred. The preferred compound is ethylene glycol monobutyl ether, which is sold by Union Carbide Company as Butyl Cellosolve.

In order to achieve the best results with the composition of this invention it is important that the composition be intimately mixed during its production. This may be accomplished by subjecting the material to thorough mechanical agitation. The mixture may be agitated by the action of a propeller-type stirrer, by being pumped and repumped through a mixing-type pump or by being milled in a ball or pebble mill, in a roll mill, or in a colloid mill. device giving a high degree of shear is preferred.

The following are examples of the method of making the polishing composition of this invention.

Example 1.To a finishing kettle are added 39.70

A homogenizer is preferred as, in general, a

pounds of Oleum Spirits, 25.51 pounds of Amsco 460 Solvent, and 1.79 pounds of Butyl 'Cellosolve. Then, with sufiicient stirring to give rapid mixing 7.17 pounds of Celite 358 diatomaceous earth, 10.76 pounds of hydrated alumina and 3.02 pounds of Bentone No. 34 are added. In an auxiliarykettle 2.69 pounds of petrolatum are melted and added then to the finishing kettle along with 4.48 pounds of polydimethylsiloxane liquid having a viscosity at 100 F. of 30,000 centistokes, 2.20 pounds of A. C. Polyethylene #6 and 1.79 pounds of oxidized m-icrocrystalline wax. The finishing kettle is now heated to 195 F. and held at that temperature until all the wax is melted. The batch is now cooled to 140 F. by circulating water at a temperature of -100 F. through tubes in the jacket of the finishing kettle. As soon as the composition has been cooled to about 140 'F., 0.89 pound of amyl acetate is added. The batch is further cooled until the temperature reaches F. and it is held at that temperature until homogenization is completed.

In order to homogenize the composition, it is passed into a homogenizer of the Manton Gaulin type or ultrasonic type, such as the Rapasonic homogenizer made by Ultrasonics, Ltd. When the Manton Gaulin homogenizer is used, the pressure is raised to 1,000 p.s.i. and the composition is pumped through a small orifice. The composition is allowed to flow from the homogenizer to an auxiliary kettle. When the Ultrasonic homogenizer is used, the composition is pumped directly through into the kettle. From the auxiliary kettle the polishing composition is introduced into aerosol containers, and the containers are pressure filled with 15 parts by weight propellant to 85 parts of composition in the customary manner.

Examples Amyl Acetate Butyl Cellosolve Diatomaeeous Earth Petrolatum Oleum Spirits Polydimethylsiloxaue (30,-

000 Centistokes) 4. 91 Amsco 460 Solvent Dichlorodi fluoromethane The same procedures are followed in the above examples as given in Example 1. The amounts in these Examples 27 are in pounds.

The final consistency of the product can be controlle as desired by varying the temperature at which the prodnot is homogenized. In general, the lower the temperature, the thinner the product. The preferred temperature is 70-110 F. Total solids, type of propellant, and type of solvent also influence the consistency of the product.

Having described our invention as related to certain embodiments thereof, it is our intention that the invention be not limited by any of the details of description unless otherwise specified, but rather be construed broadly within its spirit and scope as set outin the accompanying claims.

We claim:

1. A pressurized polish product consisting essentially of about 01-25 parts of a propellant that is gaseous at ambient temperatures and atmospheric pressures and about 99.9-75 parts of a polishing composition, the polishing composition consisting essentially of: about 10-30% of finely divided abrasive; about 5-16 of a wax; about 2l2% polydialkylsiloxane; about 40-75% of a hydrocarbon solvent; about 1-4% of an ethylene glycol monoalkyl ether having 1-7 carbon atoms in the alkyl group; and about 1-10% of an oleophilic amorphous thickener dispersible in said solvent, all said parts and percentages being by weight.

2. A pressurized p'olish product consisting essentially of about 01-25 parts of a propellant that is gaseous at am bient temperatures and atmospheric pressures and about 99.9-75 parts of a polishing composition, the polishing composition consisting essentially of: about 10-30% of finely divided abrasive; about 5-16% of a wax; about 2-12% polydimethylsiloxane; about 40-75% of a hydrocarbon solvent; about 1-4% of an ethylene glycol monoalkyl ether having 1-7 carbon atoms in the alkyl group; and about l-l% of an oleophilic amorphous thickener dispersible in said solvent, all said parts and percentages being by weight.

3. A pressurized polish product consisting essentially of about 0.1-25 parts of a propellant that is gaseous at ambient temperatures and atmospheric pressures and about 99.9-75 parts of a polishing composition, the polishing composition consisting essentially of: about l030% of finely divided abrasive; about -16% of a wax; about 2-12% polydialkylsiloxane; about 40-75% of a hydrocarbon solvent; about l-4% of ethylene glycol monobutyl ether; and about 1-10% otan oleophilic amorphous thickener dispersible in said solvent, all said parts and percentages being by weight.

4. A pressurized polish product consisting essentially of about 01-25 parts of a propellant that is gaseous at ambient temperatures and atmospheric pressures and about 99.9-75 parts of a polishing composition, the polishing composition consisting essentially of: about -30% of finely divided abrasive; about 5-16% of a wax; about 2-12% polydimethylsiloxane; about 40-75% of a hydrocarbon solvent; about 1-4% of ethylene glycol monobutyl ether and about 1-10% of an oleophilic amorphous thickener dispersible in said solvent, all said parts and percentages being by weight.

5. A pressurized polish product consisting essentially of about 0.1-25 parts of a propellant that is gaseous at ambient temperatures and atmospheric pressures and about 99.9-75 parts of a polishing composition, the polishing composition consisting essentially 'of: about 10-30% of finely divided abrasive; about 5-16% of a wax; about 2-12% polydialkylsiloxane; about 40-75% of a hydrocarbon solvent; about l-4% of an ethylene glycol m'onoalkyl ether having 1-7 carbon atoms in the alkyl group; and about 1-10% of a member of the class consisting of alkali metal oleates, amphoteric metal oleates, having metal oleates, dimethyldioctadecyl salt of montmorillonite clay, colloidal silica and amphoteric metal naphthenates, said member being dispersible in said solvent, all said pants and percentages being by weight.

6. A pressurized polish product consisting essentially of about 01-25 parts of a propellant that is gaseous at ambient temperatures and atmospheric pressures and about 99.9- parts of a polishing composition, the polishing composition consisting essentially of: about 10-30% of finely divided abrasive; about 5-16% of a wax; about 2-12% polydimethylsiloxane; about 40-75% of a hydrocarbon solvent; about 1-4% of an ethylene glycol mouoalkyl ether having 1-7 carbon atoms in the alkyl group; and about l-l0% of a member of the class consisting of alkali metal oleates, amphoteric metal oleates, heavy metal oleates, dimethyldioctadecyl salt of montmorillonite clay, colloidal silica and amphoteric metal naphthenates, said member being dispersible in said solvent, all said parts and percentages being by weight.

7. A pressurized polish product consisting essentially of about 01-25 parts of a propellant that is gaseous at ambient temperatures and atmospheric pressures and about 99.9-75 parts of a polishing composition, the polishing composition consisting essentially of: about 10-30% of finely divided abrasive; about 5-16% of a wax; about 2-12% polydialkylsiloxane; about 40-75% of a hydrocarbon solvent; about 1-4% of ethylene glycol monobutyl ether; and about l-10% of a member of the class consisting of alkali metal oleates, amphoteric metal oleates, heavy metal oleates, dimethyldioctadecyl salt of montmorillonite clay, colloidal silica and amphoteric metal uaphthenates, said member being dispersible in said solvent, all said parts and percentages being by weight.

8. A pressurized polish product consisting essentially of about 01-25 parts of a propellant that is gaseous at ambient temperatures and atmospheric pressures and about 99.9-75 parts of a polishing composition, the polishing composition consisting essentially of: about 10-30% of finely divided abrasive; about 5-16% of a wax; about 2-12% polydimethylsiloxane; about 40-75% of a hydrocarbon solvent; about 1-4% of ethylene glycol monobutyl ether; and about 1-10% of a member of the class consisting of alkali metal oleates, amphoteric metal oleates, heavy metal oleates, dimethyldioctadecyl salt of montmorillonite clay, colloidal silica and amphoteric metal naphthenates, said member being dispersible in said solvent, all said parts and percentages being by weight.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,244,685 Fritz et al. June 10, 1941 2,524,590 Boe Oct. 3, 1950 2,839,482 Green et al. June 17, 1958 

1. A PRESSURIZED POLISH PRODUCT CONSISTING ESSENTIALLY OF ABOUT 0.1-25 PARTS OF A PROPELLANT THAT IS GASEOUS AT AMBIENT TEMPERATURES AND ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURES AND ABOUT 99.9-75 PARTS OF A POLISHING COMPOSITION, THE POLISHING COMPOSITION CONSISTING ESSENTIALLY OF, ABOUT 10-30% OF FINELY DIVIDED ABRASIVE, ABOUT 5-16% OF A WAX, ABOUT 2-12% POLYDIALKYLSILOXANE, ABOUT 40-75% OF A HYDROCARBON SOVENT, ABOUT 1-4% OF AN ETHYLENE GLYCOL MONOALKYL ETHER HAVING 1-7 CARBON ATOMS IN THE ALKYL GROUP, AND ABOUT 1-10% OF AN OLEOPHILIC AMORPHOUS THICKENER DISPERSIBLE IN SAID SOLVENT, ALL SAID PARTS AND PERCENTAGES BEING BY WEIGHT. 